Bai argues that domestic governance influenced by Confucianism can embrace the liberal aspects of democracy along with the democratic ideas of equal opportunities and governmental accountability to the people. But Confucianism would give more political decision-making power to those with the moral, practical, and intellectual capabilities of caring for the people. While most democratic thinkers still focus on strengthening equality to cure the ills of democracy, the proposed hybrid regime—made up of Confucian-inspired meritocratic characteristics combined with democratic elements and a quasi-liberal system of laws and rights—recognizes that egalitarian qualities sometimes conflict with good governance and the protection of liberties, and defends liberal aspects by restricting democratic ones. Bai applies his views to the international realm by supporting a hierarchical order based on how humane each state is toward its own and other peoples, and on the principle of international interventions whereby humane responsibilities override sovereignty.

Exploring the deficiencies posed by many liberal democracies, Against Political Equality presents a novel Confucian-engendered alternative for solving today’s political problems.

1. Why Confucianism? Which Confucianism

2. Confucianism on Political Legitimacy: For the People of the People, but Not bu the People

3. A Confucian Hybrid Regime as an Answer to Democratic Problems

4. The Superiority of the Confucian Hybrid Regime Defended

5. Compassion as the New Social Glue in the Society of Strangers

6. Conflict in the Expansion of Care: The Private Versus the Public

7. Tian Xia: A Confucian Model of National Identity and International Relations

8. Humane Responsibility Overrides Sovereignty: A Confucian Theory of Just War

A Confucian Theory of Rights

Postscript

References

Index